Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey
Thursday, June 13, 2019
Wednesday, December 12, 2018
Part 1
No.
|
Title
|
Directed by
|
Original air date
|
(millions) |
1
|
March 9, 2014
|
5.77 /
8.5
|
||
The show begins with
a brief introduction recorded by then President of the
Tyson
opens the episode to reflect on the importance of Sagan's original Cosmos,
and the goals of this series. He introduces the viewer to the "Ship of
the Imagination", the show's narrative device to explore the universe's
past, present, and future. Tyson takes the viewer to show where Earth sits in
the scope of the known universe,
defining the Earth's "address" within the Virgo Supercluster.
Tyson explains how humanity has not always seen the universe in this manner,
and describes the hardships and persecution of Renaissance Italian Giordano Bruno in challenging the
prevailing geocentric model held
by the Catholic Church.
To show Bruno's vision of the cosmic order he uses an
animated adaptation of the Flammarion engraving,
a 19th century illustration that has now become a common meme for the
revealing of the mysteries of the Universe.
The episode
continues onto the scope of time, using the concept of the Cosmic Calendar as used in
the original series to provide a metaphor for this scale. The narration
describes how if the Big Bang occurred on
January 1, all of humankind's recorded history would be compressed into the
last few seconds of the last minute on December 31. Tyson concludes the
episode by recounting how Sagan inspired him as a student as well as his
other contributions to the scientific community.
|
Tuesday, December 11, 2018
Part 2
No.
|
Title
|
Directed by
|
Original air date
| (millions) |
2
|
March 16, 2014
|
4.95
| ||
The episode covers several facets of the origin of life and evolution. Tyson describes both artificial selection via selective breeding, using the example of humankind's domestication of wolves into dogs, and natural selection that created species like polar bears. Tyson uses the Ship of the Imagination to show how DNA, genes, and mutation work, and how these led to the diversity of species as represented by the Tree of life, including how complex organs such as the eye came about as a common element.
Tyson describes extinction of species and the five great extinction events that wiped out numerous species on Earth, while some species, such as the tardigrade, were able to survive and continue life. Tyson speculates on the possibility of life on other planets, such as Saturn's moon, Titan, as well as how abiogenesis may have originated life on Earth. The episode concludes with an animation from the original Cosmos showing the evolution of life from a single cell to humankind today. |
Monday, December 10, 2018
Part 3
No.
|
Title
|
Directed by
|
Original
air date
|
(millions) |
3 |
March 23, 2014
|
4.25
|
||
The episode begins with
Tyson describing how pattern recognition manifested
in early civilization as using astronomy and astrology to predict the passing of the
seasons, including how the passage of a comet was often taken as an omen. Tyson
continues to explain that the origin of comets only became known in the 20th
century due to the work of Jan Oort and his hypothesis of
the Oort cloud.
Tyson then continues to relate the collaboration between Edmond Halley and Isaac Newton in the last part of the
17th century in Cambridge. The
collaboration would result in the publication of Philosophiæ
Naturalis Principia Mathematica, the first major work to
describe the laws of physics in mathematical terms, despite objections and
claims of plagiarism from Robert Hooke and financial difficulties
of the Royal Society of
London. Tyson explains how this work challenged the prevailing
notion that God had planned out the heavens, but would end up influencing
many factors of modern life, including space flight.
Tyson
further describes Halley's contributions based on Newton's work, including
determining Earth's distance to the
sun, the motion of stars and
predicting the orbit of then-unnamed Halley's Comet using Newton's laws.
Tyson contrasts these scientific approaches to understanding the galaxy
compared to what earlier civilizations had done, and considers this
advancement as humankind's first steps into exploring the universe. The
episode ends with an animation of the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies' merging based
on the principles of
|
Sunday, December 9, 2018
Part 4
No.
|
Title
|
Directed by
|
Original air date
|
(millions) |
4
|
March 30, 2014
|
3.91
|
||
Tyson begins the episode by explaining the nature of the speed of light and how much of what is seen of the observable universe is from light emanated from billions of years in the past. Tyson further explains how modern astronomy has used such analyses via deep time to identify the Big Bang event and the age of the universe.
Tyson proceeds to describe how the work of Isaac Newton, William Herschel, Michael Faraday, and James Clerk Maxwell contributed to understanding the nature of electromagnetic waves and gravitational force, and how this work led towards Albert Einstein's Theory of Relativity, that the speed of light is a fundamental constant of the universe and gravity can be seen as distortion of the fabric of space-time. Tyson describes the concept of dark stars as postulated by John Michell which are not visible but detectable by tracking other stars trapped within their gravity wells, an idea Herschel used to discover binary stars.
Tyson then describes the nature of black holes, their enormous gravitational forces that can even capture light, and their discovery via X-ray sources such as Cygnus X-1. Tyson uses the Ship of Imagination to provide a postulate of the warping of spacetime and time dilationas one enters the event horizon of the black hole, and the possibility that these may lead to other points within our universe or others, or even time travel. Tyson ends on noting that Herschel's son, John would be inspired by his father to continue to document the known stars as well as contributions towards photography that play on the same nature of deep time used by astronomers.
Animated sequences in this episode feature caricatures of William and John Herschel; Patrick Stewart provided the voice for William in these segments |